{"id":46332,"date":"2024-01-21T16:40:48","date_gmt":"2024-01-21T14:40:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cha.com.ua\/articles-en\/72-japanese-seasons\/"},"modified":"2026-04-06T10:49:03","modified_gmt":"2026-04-06T07:49:03","slug":"72-japanese-seasons","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cha.com.ua\/en\/articles-en\/72-japanese-seasons\/","title":{"rendered":"72 Japanese seasons"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>In ancient times in Japan, according to the tradition borrowed from China, the year was divided into 24 periods, and in the natural annual cycle as many as 72 periods were distinguished, each of which has its own peculiarities.<\/p>\n\n<p>The traditional calendar in Japan showed the changing seasons and changes in nature, and each of the 24 periods, called sekki, had its own name. The year lasted from the &#8220;beginning of spring,&#8221; rissun (early February), to the &#8220;great cold,&#8221; daikan. This division of the annual cycle was borrowed from China and is still used in East Asia.<\/p>\n\n<p>Each of the 24 periods of this cycle was divided into three parts of about five days each, and there were a total of 72 short seasons in the year, called ko. They, too, were of Chinese origin and not quite suited to the peculiarities of the Japanese climate. In 1685, this system was revised by the court astronomer Shibukawa Shunkai. In their current form, these seasons poetically reflect the natural changes in Japan throughout the year. Their names describe how the earth wakes up, blooms, bears fruit, and then falls back into slumber. The table gives approximate dates, which may vary by one day in different years. In addition, there are no standard readings for the names of these 72 seasons-ko, so you may find other names for them in other sources.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-image uagb-block-f753e849 wp-block-uagb-image--layout-default wp-block-uagb-image--effect-static wp-block-uagb-image--align-none\"><figure class=\"wp-block-uagb-image__figure\"><a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/cha.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/126451_900.jpg\" target=\"\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cha.com.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/126451_900.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"uag-image-39799\" width=\"900\" height=\"419\" title=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<div style=\"height:18px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n<p><strong>\u7acb\u6625 Rissyun (Beginning of Spring)<\/strong><br \/>February 4-8 &#8211; \u6771\u98a8\u89e3\u51cd Harukaze koori o toku &#8211; East winds melt the ice<br \/>February 9-13 &#8211; \u9ec4\u9daf\u774d\u7746 Koo kenkan su &#8211; Reedbills begin to sing<br \/>February 14-18 &#8211; \u9b5a\u4e0a\u6c37 Uo koori o izzuru &#8211; Fish emerge from under the ice<br \/><strong>\u96e8\u6c34 Usui (Rainwater)<\/strong><br \/>February 19-23 &#8211; \u571f\u8109\u6f64\u8d77 Tsuchi no sho uruoi okoru &#8211; Rains moisten the earth<br \/>February 24-28 &#8211; \u971e\u59cb\u9746 Kasumi hajimate tanabiku &#8211; Fogs begin to creep in<br \/>March 1-5 &#8211; \u8349\u6728\u840c\u52d5 Somoku mebae izzuru &#8211; Grass breaks through, leaves on the trees<br \/><strong>\u5553\u87c4 Keiichitsu (Insect Awakening)<\/strong><br \/>March 6-10 &#8211; \u87c4\u866b\u5553\u6238 Sugomori mushito o hiraku &#8211; Insects wake up and come out<br \/>March 11-15 &#8211; \u6843\u59cb\u7b11 Momo hajimete saku &#8211; Peach blossoms begin to bloom<br \/>March 16-20 &#8211; \u83dc\u866b\u5316\u8776 Namushi t\u014d to naru &#8211; Pupae turn into butterflies<br \/><strong>\u6625\u5206 Shumbun (Spring Equinox)<\/strong><br \/>March 21-25 &#8211; \u96c0\u59cb\u5de3 Suzume hajimete suku &#8211; Sparrows begin to nest<br \/>March 26-30 &#8211; \u6afb\u59cb\u958b Sakura hajimate saku &#8211; Sakura blossoms<br \/>March 31-April 4 &#8211; \u96f7\u4e43\u767a\u58f0 Kaminari sunawati koe o hassu &#8211; The sound of thunder is heard<br \/><strong>\u6e05\u660e Seimei (Purity and Clarity)<\/strong><br \/>April 5-9 &#8211; \u7384\u9ce5\u81f3 Tsubame kitaru &#8211; Swallows arrive<br \/>April 10-14 &#8211; \u9d3b\u96c1\u5317 Kogan kaeru &#8211; Wild geese fly away<br \/>April 15-19 &#8211; \u8679\u59cb\u898b Niji hajimete arawaru &#8211; The first rainbow appears<br \/><strong>\u7a40\u96e8 Kokuu (Rains for cereals)<\/strong><br \/>April 20-24 &#8211; \u846d\u59cb\u751f Ashi hajimete shozu &#8211; Reeds sprout<br \/>April 25-29 &#8211; \u971c\u6b62\u51fa\u82d7 Shimo yamite nae izuru &#8211; Cold weather ends, rice sprouts<br \/>April 30-May 4 &#8211; \u7261\u4e39\u83ef &#8211; Botan hana saku Peonies blooming<br \/><strong>\u7acb\u590f Rikka (Beginning of Summer)<\/strong><br \/>May 5-9 &#8211; \u86d9\u59cb\u9cf4 Kawazu hajimete naku &#8211; Frogs begin to croak<br \/>May 10-14 &#8211; \u86af\u8693\u51fa Mimizu izzuru &#8211; Worms appear<br \/>May 15-20 &#8211; \u7af9\u7b0b\u751f Takenoko shozu &#8211; Bamboo sprouts<br \/>\u5c0f\u6e80 <strong>Shoman (Small Saturation)<\/strong><br \/>May 21-25 &#8211; \u8695\u8d77\u98df\u6851 Kaiko okite kuwa o hamu &#8211; Silkworms eat mulberry leaves<br \/>May 26-30 &#8211; \u7d05\u82b1\u6804 Benibana sakau &#8211; Safflower blooms<br \/>May 31-June 5 &#8211; \u9ea6\u79cb\u81f3 Mugi no toki itaru &#8211; Wheat is ripening<br \/><strong>\u8292\u7a2e Boshu (Bread Spreading)<\/strong><br \/>June 6-10 &#8211; \u87f7\u8782\u751f Kamakiri shozu &#8211; Mantis appear<br \/>June 11-15 &#8211; \u8150\u8349\u70ba\u87a2 Kusaretaru kusa hotaru to naru &#8211; Grass rots and turns into fireflies<br \/>June 16-20 &#8211; \u6885\u5b50\u9ec4 Ume no mi kibamu &#8211; Plums turn yellow.<br \/><strong>\u590f\u81f3 Geshi (Summer Solstice)<\/strong><br \/>June 21-26 &#8211; \u4e43\u6771\u67af &#8211; Natsukarekusa karuru &#8211; Nigella fades<br \/>June 27-July 1 &#8211; \u83d6\u84b2\u83ef &#8211; Ayame hana saku &#8211; Irises bloom<br \/>July 2-6 &#8211; \u534a\u590f\u751f &#8211; Hange shozu &#8211; Pinellia sprouting<br \/>\u5c0f\u6691 <strong>Shosho (Little Heat)<\/strong><br \/>July 7-11 &#8211; \u6e29\u98a8\u81f3 &#8211; Atsukaze itaru &#8211; Hot winds blow<br \/>July 12-16 &#8211; \u84ee\u59cb\u958b &#8211; Hasu hajimate hiraku -. The lotus begins to bloom<br \/>July 17-22 &#8211; \u9df9\u4e43\u5b66\u7fd2 &#8211; Taka sunawati waza o narau &#8211; Falcon chicks learn to fly<br \/>\u5927\u6691 <strong>Taisho (Great Heat Wave)<\/strong><br \/>July 23-28 &#8211; \u6850\u59cb\u7d50\u82b1 &#8211; Kiri hajimate hana o musubu &#8211; Pavlovia is setting seed<br \/>July 29-August 2 &#8211; \u571f\u6f64\u6ebd\u6691 &#8211; Tsuchi uruote mushiatsushi &#8211; The ground is wet, sweltering<br \/>August 3-7 &#8211; \u5927\u96e8\u6642\u884c &#8211; Taiu tokidoki furou Sometimes there are downpours.<br \/><strong>\u7acb\u79cb Risshu (Beginning of Autumn)<br \/><\/strong>August 8-12 &#8211; \u6dbc\u98a8\u81f3 Suzukaze itaru &#8211; Cool winds blow<br \/>August 13-17 &#8211; \u5bd2\u8749\u9cf4 Higurashi naku &#8211; Higurashi cicadas sing<br \/>August 18-22 &#8211; \u8499\u9727\u5347\u964d Fukaki kiri matoo &#8211; Dense fogs descend<br \/><strong>\u51e6\u6691 Shosho (Heat Cessation)<\/strong><br \/>August 23-27 &#8211; \u7dbf\u67ce\u958b Wata no hana shibe hiraku &#8211; Cotton blooms<br \/>August 28-September 1 &#8211; \u5929\u5730\u59cb\u7c9b Tenchi hajimate samushi &#8211; It starts to get colder<br \/>September 2-7 &#8211; \u79be\u4e43\u767b Kokumono sunawachi minoru &#8211; Rice ripens<br \/>\u767d\u9732 <strong>Hakuro (White Dews)<\/strong><br \/>September 8-12 &#8211; \u8349\u9732\u767d Kusa no tsuyu shiroshi &#8211; White Dew on the Grass<br \/>September 12-17 &#8211; \u9dba\u9d12\u9cf4 Sekirei naku &#8211; Wagtails Singing<br \/>September 18-22 &#8211; \u7384\u9ce5\u53bb Tsubame Saru &#8211; Swallows Fly Away<br \/><strong>\u79cb\u5206 Shubun (Autumnal Equinox)<\/strong><br \/>September 23-27 &#8211; \u96f7\u4e43\u53ce\u58f0 Kaminari sunawati koe o osamu &#8211; No thunder rumbles<br \/>September 28-October 2 &#8211; \u87c4\u866b\u574f\u6238 Mushi kakurate too o fusagu &#8211; Insects hide and burrow<br \/>October 3-7 &#8211; \u6c34\u59cb\u6db8 Mizu hajimate karuru &#8211; Water in the fields dries up<br \/><strong>\u5bd2\u9732 Kanro (Cold Dews)<\/strong><br \/>October 8-12 &#8211; \u9d3b\u96c1\u6765 Kogan kitaru &#8211; Wild geese arrive<br \/>October 13-17 &#8211; \u83ca\u82b1\u958b Kiku no hana hiraku &#8211; Chrysanthemums bloom<br \/>October 18-22 &#8211; \u87cb\u87c0\u5728\u6238 Kirigirisu to ni ari &#8211; Crickets come under the door<br \/><strong>\u971c\u964d Soko (Frostfall)<\/strong><br \/>October 23-27 &#8211; \u971c\u59cb\u964d Shimo hajimate furu &#8211; First frost<br \/>October 28-November 1 &#8211; \u970e\u6642\u65bd Kosame tokidoki furu &#8211; Light rain at times<br \/>November 2-6 \u6953\u8526\u9ec4 &#8211; Momiji tsuta kibamu &#8211; Maples and ivy turn yellow<br \/><strong>\u7acb\u51ac Ritto (The Beginning of Winter)<\/strong><br \/>November 7-11 &#8211; \u5c71\u8336\u59cb\u958b &#8211; Tsubaki hajimate hiraku &#8211; Camellia Blossoms<br \/>November 12-16 &#8211; \u5730\u59cb\u51cd &#8211; Ti hajimate koruoru &#8211; The earth begins to freeze<br \/>November 17-21 &#8211; \u91d1\u76de\u9999 &#8211; Kinsenka saku &#8211; Daffodils Blossom<br \/>\u5c0f\u96ea <strong>Sh\u014dsetsu (Small snows)<\/strong><br \/>November 22-26 &#8211; \u8679\u8535\u4e0d\u898b &#8211; Niji kakurate miezu &#8211; Rainbows disappear<br \/>November 27-December 1 &#8211; \u6714\u98a8\u6255\u8449 -. Kitakaze konoha konoha o harau &#8211; North wind plucks leaves<br \/>December 2-6 &#8211; \u6a58\u59cb\u9ec4 &#8211; Tatibana hajimate kibamu &#8211; Citrus tachibana begins to yellow<br \/>\u5927\u96ea <strong>Taizetsu (Big Snow)<\/strong><br \/>December 7-11 &#8211; \u9589\u585e\u6210\u51ac Sora samuku fuyu to naru &#8211; Colder, winter begins<br \/>December 12-16 &#8211; \u718a\u87c4\u7a74 Kuma ana ni komoru &#8211; Bears go into dens<br \/>December 17-21 &#8211; \u9c56\u9b5a\u7fa4 Sake no uo muragaru &#8211; Salmon go to spawning grounds<br \/><strong>\u51ac\u81f3 Toji (Winter Solstice)<\/strong><br \/>December 22-26 &#8211; \u4e43\u6771\u751f -Natsukarekusa shozu &#8211; Blackcap sprouts<br \/>December 27-31 &#8211; \u9e8b\u89d2\u89e3 Sawashika no tsuno otsuru &#8211; Deer shed their antlers<br \/>January 1-4 &#8211; \u96ea\u4e0b\u51fa\u9ea6 Yuki watarite mugi nobiru &#8211; Wheat sprouts under the snow<br \/>\u5c0f\u5bd2 <strong>Shokan (Little Cold)<\/strong><br \/>January 5-9 &#8211; \u82b9\u4e43\u6804 Seri sunawati sakau &#8211; Parsley blooms<br \/>January 10-14 &#8211; \u6c34\u6cc9\u52d5 Shimizu atataka o fukumu &#8211; Springs thaw<br \/>January 15-19 &#8211; \u96c9\u59cb\u96ca Kiji hajimeate naku &#8211; Pheasants begin to cry out<br \/>\u5927\u5bd2 <strong>Daikan (Great Cold)<\/strong><br \/>January 20-24 &#8211; \u6b3e\u51ac\u83ef &#8211; Fuki no hana saku Whitebush blooms<br \/>January 25-29 &#8211; \u6c34\u6ca2\u8179\u5805 &#8211; Kiwamizu koori tsumeru Ice constricts streams<br \/>January 30-February 3 &#8211; \u9d8f\u59cb\u4e73 &#8211; Niwatori hajimate toya ni tsuku Chickens begin to lay.<\/p>\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In ancient times in Japan, according to the tradition borrowed from China, the year was divided into 24 periods, and in the natural annual cycle as many as 72 periods were distinguished, each of which has its own peculiarities. The traditional calendar in Japan showed the changing seasons and changes in nature, and each of 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